Sinaiticus

Life and Faith

Archive for August, 2009

Regime Change

Posted by sinaiticus on August 25, 2009

Tuesday, August 25, 2009

Use your imagination with me for a second: Imagine that in 2008 former Vice President Dick Cheney was elected as president of the United States, succeeding his former boss, George W. Bush.  Imagine that Mr. Cheney made a subsequent pledge to continue the policies, outlook, and style of the previous eight years of President George W. Bush.

Of course, nearly all political liberals are right now shuddering at the horror of such a thought.  “Who could tolerate–how could America even survive–another four years of Bush-Cheney?” they wonder.  The 43rd president’s opponents rejoice that the “failed” policies of the Bush administration have come to an end and that a regime change has brought about a new era of something different.

End of thought experiment.  You may all breathe again.

But use your imagination again with me: Imagine that a company begins to decline noticeably, losing customers, losing stock value, and eliminating massive numbers of their employees.  Imagine that the board of directors for this company meets in emergency session to discuss the present crisis.  But imagine, to the shock and surprise of the stockholders, that the board removes the current CEO and appoints his right-hand man to succeed him, guaranteeing a continuation of the former CEO’s policies.  Would that be a smart move?

Or imagine this: A church organization experiences a serious, decades-long decline, losing millions of adherents, closing thousands of local churches, and slashing budgets and employees.  The denomination reaches a crisis point, and people start to ask, “What should we do?”  But imagine, to the shock and surprise of the denomination’s members and leaders, that the denomination hires the retiring leader’s right-hand man, assuring everyone that he will continue the same policies, outlook, and style of the outgoing leader.  Would that be a smart move?

On that last example, I’m afraid that the hypothetical situation is very real.  For some reason, my denomination, the Presbyterian Church (USA) [PCUSA], continues to do just that.

On this, our 25th anniversary as a denomination, we are faced with a grim reality about the condition of our communion.  Research Services, the statistical arm of our General Assembly Mission Council (GAMC), released data on our denomination’s brief 25 year history (several charts available as pdf).  And the news isn’t pretty.

Since the PCUSA formed in 1983, we have shed a whopping 1 million members, or roughly 31% of our membership upon reunion, or roughly the population of Montana.  And the greatest annual declines have come in the 2 most recent years (57,572 in 2007 and 69,381 in 2008).

The statistics are symptomatic of many things, including sharp demographic shifts, a lack of evangelism and church planting, and an outdated, passive strategy that permeates local churches and the denomination’s structures.  But, among those other things, I would suggest that the statistics point to failed leadership at all levels of our denomination and a leadership ethos that is choking off the life-giving sap we need to prosper as a confederation of congregations, ostensibly committed to exalting Jesus Christ, the vine to whom we must be attached in order to survive.

But as much as we need change and reform in our denomination, I constantly see the same old faces among PCUSA committees, panels, magazines, books, publications, and employees of the General Assembly (GA) and GAMC.  Gradye Parsons, who is a good man, is nevertheless the eccesiastical equivalent of Dick Cheney, continuing the failed policies, outlook, and style of previous stated clerks, most notably Cliff Kirkpatrick.  Speaking of the same old faces, why was Freda Gardner, the ecclesiastical equivalent of Nancy Pelosi (or Sarah Palin, if you like), keynoting at the Elder’s Conference this past summer?  Why is Vernon Broyles, the ecclesiastical equivalent of Harry Reid (or Newt Gingrich, if you like), still allowed to keep his finger in the pie in Louisville?

Don’t get me wrong.  There have been some very positive changes in the denomination’s leadership over the past few years. Electing Bruce Reyes-Chow as GA moderator was a positive step (although he still fits perfectly the dominant theological model of PCUSA leadership); Eric Hoey and Hunter Farrell have been great additions to the GA staff, and Joe Small continues to impress me.

But the leadership ethos of the PCUSA remains largely undisturbed: We have leaders who are homogenously, myopically, and zealously committed liberation theology, inclusiveness, progressive politics,  liberal social justice, and abetting sexual and theological revisionists at the expense of everything else that is part of the Christian gospel.  Everything the denomination does reflects these discredited commitments.

So there is a crisis in our denomination, and we desperately need change.  But for some reason we keep doing the same things that just aren’t working.  We keep hiring the same people with the same commitments and expect them to do things differently.  Is that not the very definition of insanity?

Perhaps it’s time for our own regime change.  Before it’s too late.

(For another, interesting discussion, please read Kelly Kannwischer’s article here.)

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Prayer for the Week – Proper 16

Posted by sinaiticus on August 24, 2009

Monday, August 24, 2009

Proper 16

Grant, O merciful God, that your Church, being gathered together in unity by your Holy Spirit, may show forth your power among all peoples, to the glory of your Name; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

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Prayer for the Week – Proper 15

Posted by sinaiticus on August 18, 2009

Tuesday, August 18, 2009

Proper 15

Almighty God, you have given your only Son to be for us a sacrifice for sin, and also an example of godly life: Give us grace to receive thankfully the fruits of this redeeming work and to follow daily in the blessed steps of his most holy life; through Jesus Christ your Son our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever.  Amen.

- Book of Common Prayer

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JESUS IS LORD! Part 2

Posted by sinaiticus on August 11, 2009

Monday, August 10, 2009

In my last post, I explained the amazing, stunning biblical message that Jesus the Messiah is none other than the enfleshment of YHWH, the LORD, the covenant God of Israel.  But, as is the case with all of Scripture, that message had provocative implications for its first hearers and continues to have equally provocative implications for us today.

In the first century, when the Christian apostles were spreading the gospel message that Jesus is Lord (Kurios in Greek), it was much more than just a nice religious message about how people could be saved.  It was a subversion of the Roman Empire.  Let me briefly explain.

Starting with Caesar Augustus (63 BC – AD 14), the rulers of the Roman Empire were treated as gods during their lifetimes.  The cult of Caesar was both a religious and political movement, and loyal subjects ordinarily referred to Caesar as Lord (Kurios) and Savior (Soter).  As N.T. Wright, a noted New Testament scholar, has written:

The accession of the emperor, and also his birthday, could therefore be hailed as euaggelion, good news…The emperor was the kurios, the lord of the world, the one who claimed the allegiance and loyalty of subjects throughout his wide empire.  When he came in person to pay a state visit to a colony or province, the word for his royal presence was parousia. (Paul and Caesar: A New Reading of Romans)

It was no accident, then, that Paul swiped the words used to describe Caesar and applied them to the new king, Jesus!  In his opening words to the Roman Christians (who lived in the very shadow of the Empire), Paul confesses that he is not ashamed to proclaim the good news (or gospel; euaggelion) that Jesus was Lord (Kurios) and Savior (Soter) and that his royal return (parousia) would be the consummation of the everlasting kingdom of God (see Romans 1:1, 7, 17).

N.T. Wright writes again that Paul

brings the gospel, the euaggelion, of the son of God, the Davidic Messiah, whose messiahship and divine sonship are validated by his resurrection, and who, as the Psalms insist, is the Lord, the kurios, of the whole world.  Paul’s task is to bring the world, all the nations, into loyal allegiance — hypakoē pisteos, the obedience of faith — to this universal Lord.  (Paul and Caesar: A New Reading of Romans)

If that isn’t a challenge to the Imperial cult, I don’t know what is!  Caesar is not Lord; Jesus is.  Caesar is not Savior; Jesus is.  Caesar’s birth and ascension is not the good news; Jesus’ birth, death, and resurrection are!

Unfortunately, some revisionist scholars today (like the over-exposed Jesus Seminar scholars), who have rightly discovered this political-religious dimension to Scripture, have concluded that Paul’s writings functioned only as political rhetoric.  They insist that Jesus and his early followers were only interested in challenging Imperial authority and empowering the powerless, and that Jesus’ divinity (his status as Lord, Savior, and God) were later innovations by later generations of followers.*

And unfortunately (and yet conveniently), many of those same scholars have used their revised reading of Scripture to advocate their own particular kind of politics these days.  They were especially active during the presidency of George W. Bush, condemning the excesses of presidential power and believing they were justly continuing Jesus’ peaceful, non-violent challenge to Imperial authority (read: Bush and Cheney).

They are partially right about Scripture indicting worldly power and exposing it as depraved, but the revisionist scholars miss the expansive, holistic, right-and-left challenge that the gospel of Jesus presents to all worldly powers.  Caesar is not just the president (or just, conveniently the political party we don’t like), it is every worldly power today that opposes God’s purposes.  Jesus’ universal lordship challenges the claims of all our worldly allegiances–political, religious, economic, denominational, philosophical, and ideological, regardless of our political persuasion.

And this is where Scripture’s shocking claim that Jesus is Lord, God, and Savior gets uncomfortable, perhaps especially in the inflammatory political environment of contemporary America.  Government, education, the media, social clubs, and businesses are not our Lord; Jesus is.  The president, our Congressional representatives, and all other elected officials are not our Saviors; Jesus is.  The good news is not that one party is dominant in Washington (or in Lincoln or Richmond or Trenton) or that a particular piece of legislation promises to heal all our ills; the good news is that through the death and resurrection of the Lord Jesus, God has inaugurated the promised age to come, revealed his covenant faithfulness, and invited people of all conditions to join his universal family through faith in the Messiah.

The good news is that Jesus is Lord!

* Of course, this claim is pure conjecture on their part.  There is no evidence, other than those scholars’ insistence, that Jesus was merely a political leader who, coincidentally, happens to mirror their own political convictions exactly.

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Prayer for the Week – Proper 14

Posted by sinaiticus on August 10, 2009

Monday, August 10, 2009

Proper 14

Grant to us, Lord, we pray, the spirit to think and do always those things that are right, that we, who cannot exist without you, may by you be enabled to live according to your will; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

- Book of Common Prayer

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JESUS IS LORD! Part 1

Posted by sinaiticus on August 4, 2009

Tuesday, August 4, 2009

If you’ve ever read much of the Old Testament (OT) and paid attention, you’ll notice that there are two primary words* used for the Divine: “God” and “LORD.”  But why is that?  Religious people of various persuasions would say that they are simply synonyms and move on.  But is that fair?  Are we missing something by doing that?

Generally speaking, “God” (Hebrew ‘ELOHIM) is often used in the OT to refer to God’s universal lordship over all creation (see Genesis 1; Psalm 66; etc.).  “The LORD” (Hebrew YHWH, sometimes rendered Yahweh or, erroneously, Jehovah), however, is often used in the context of the universal God’s particular relationship with Israel, his covenant people (see especially Exodus 3:14).

A quick bit of background (I’m sure someone else has expounded this more thoroughly; this is just my quick explanation.): Historically speaking, following the exile, the Jewish people went out of their way to avoid breaking the third commandment: “You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not acquit anyone who misuses his name.” (Exodus 20:7 NRSV)  So they began substituting Adonai (our Lord) in place of the Divine Name, lest they besmirch God’s glorious identity revealed in his name.

And when the Hebrew Scriptures were translated into Greek, the common language of the Mediterranean world, during the third century before Christ, this practice was enshrined: YHWH was translated as Kurios (“Lord”).  Incidentally, most Christian Bibles correctly continue this translation tradition of substituting LORD in place of YHWH in the OT.

This leads to the sensational claim that is made frequently throughout the New Testament (NT).  The NT authors often claim that Jesus is Lord.  Which, considering the history just related, is breathtaking!  Get this: Jesus is Lord; Jesus is THE Lord; Jesus is YHWH!

Luke regularly uses Kurios to refer to Jesus, even in passing (Luke 18:6; Acts 7:59; Acts 9:10-11, 43 etc.).  John also refers to Jesus as Kurios (John 21:7; etc.).  And Paul repeatedly proclaims that Jesus is Kurios (Romans 1:4; Romans 10:9; 1 Corinthians 12:3; 2 Corinthians 4:5; Philippians 2:11; to name just a few!).

This means that the appearance of the God-Man, Jesus the Messiah, totally redefines our understanding of who God is and what his relationship with creation and his covenant people has been.  When Paul (who was inspired by the same Holy Spirit who spoke to the ancient prophets) says, quoting the prophet Joel that “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved,” he really means that “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord Jesus will be saved”! (See Romans 10:13)  It’s the same as saying that “if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved” (Romans 10:9 ESV).

Theologically and biblically speaking, this is seismic.  The whole of inspired Scripture speaks of one God, who is both “God” and “Lord,” who is mysteriously revealed in the man from Nazareth who was proclaimed “Kurios/Lord” from the beginning.  Following this profound truth (throwing in a few other passages such as Matthew 28:19 and 1 Corinthians 12:4-6), the doctrine of the Trinity is a mere formality!

And for me, as a Jesus follower, it’s amazing to re-read with the OT with this in mind.  When it says “the LORD” I try to imagine that the Bible is talking about a pre-incarnate Jesus: “The Lord Jesus is my shepherd, I shall not want” (Psalm 23:1).  “I saw the Lord Jesus sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up” (Isaiah 6:1).  “The word of the Lord Jesus came to me” (Ezekiel 3:16).  Truly humbling.

This amazing, biblical truth also confounds those religious groups who would like to sever Jesus the man from the eternal Godhead.  Many apologies to the Jehovah’s Witnesses and other groups who contend that Jesus is just a man or some kind of angelic being, but not God!  The truth is that Jesus is none other than the Lord/Kurios/YHWH.

Check back next week for the second installment!

* There are other titles and “names” used for God that all have significance, but these are the two primary, personal monikers for God in the OT.

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Prayer for the Week – Proper 13

Posted by sinaiticus on August 4, 2009

Tuesday, August 4, 2009

Proper 13

Let your continual mercy, O Lord, cleanse and defend your Church; and, because it cannot continue in safety without your help, protect and govern it always by your goodness; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

- Book of Common Prayer

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